See wesan on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "wêze"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wezen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "waeze"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "wēsen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wāron",
"links": [
[
"wāron",
"waron#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīt",
"links": [
[
"sīt",
"sit#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārot",
"links": [
[
"wārot",
"warot#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāron",
"links": [
[
"wāron",
"waron#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"links": [
[
"sīs",
"sis#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīst",
"links": [
[
"sīst",
"sist#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāris",
"links": [
[
"wāris",
"waris#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārin",
"links": [
[
"wārin",
"warin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wārit",
"links": [
[
"wārit",
"warit#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārin",
"links": [
[
"wārin",
"warin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wisit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wesandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"irr": "wesan"
},
"name": "odt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-wesan-odt-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.\nThe simple present forms originate from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no infinitive or past tense in Proto-Germanic, but had already formed a single paradigm with *wesaną supplying the infinitive and past tense.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "eom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eart",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sindon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣron",
"links": [
[
"wǣron",
"wæron#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīe",
"links": [
[
"sīe",
"sie#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīen",
"links": [
[
"sīen",
"sien#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣren",
"links": [
[
"wǣren",
"wæren#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "weosan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Anglian"
]
},
{
"form": "wosa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wossa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wesa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wesan<i>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to be present",
"translation": "to be present",
"word": "ætwesan"
},
{
"english": "to be before",
"translation": "to be before",
"word": "forewesan"
},
{
"english": "to be together",
"translation": "to be together",
"word": "ġewesan"
},
{
"english": "to be not",
"translation": "to be not",
"word": "nesan"
},
{
"english": "being",
"translation": "being",
"word": "wist"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then he said, \"Do you know what a person is?\" So I said, \"I know it's a soul and a body.\"",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of The Consolation of Philosophy\nÞā cwæþ hē, \"Wāst þū hwæt mann sīe?\" Þā cwæþ iċ, \"Iċ wāt þæt hit biþ sāwol and līchama.\"",
"translation": "Then he said, \"Do you know what a person is?\" So I said, \"I know it's a soul and a body.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Then they said to him, \"Where is he?\" And he said, \"I don't know.\"",
"roman": "Þā cwǣdon hīe tō him, \"Hwǣr is hē?\" Þā cwæþ hē, \"Iċ nāt.\"",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 9:12",
"translation": "Then they said to him, \"Where is he?\" And he said, \"I don't know.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist"
],
"id": "en-wesan-ang-verb-JebJC0XP",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bēon"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈwe.zɑn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-e.sɑn"
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "to tend flocks, pasture",
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną",
"id": "consume",
"t": "to consume, feast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to consume, feast”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wes-",
"id": "graze",
"t": "to graze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to consume, feast”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”). The only (possible) attestation is in the form weaxan in line 3115 of Beowulf, argued to be a misspelling of weosan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wesaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣron",
"links": [
[
"wǣron",
"wæron#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣren",
"links": [
[
"wǣren",
"wæren#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġeweren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "weosan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Anglian"
]
},
{
"form": "wosa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wossa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wesa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wesan<s5v>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
39
]
],
"english": "“Fire shall devour (and wan flames feed) on the fearless warrior …\"",
"ref": "c. 1000, Beowulf (Cotton MS Vitellius A XV), lines 3114-15:",
"text": "\"Nū sceal glēd fretan (weaxan wonna lēg) wigena strengel [...]\"",
"translation": "“Fire shall devour (and wan flames feed) on the fearless warrior …\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to consume or feast"
],
"id": "en-wesan-ang-verb-z50pyvcx",
"links": [
[
"consume",
"consume"
],
[
"feast",
"feast"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈwe.zɑn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-e.sɑn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wēsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wēsing"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "weeze"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weese"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weeze"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wease"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wōsijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wōsijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wōsijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wōsijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wōsijan, from Proto-Germanic *wōsijaną, from *wōsą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wēsan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsan",
"links": [
[
"wēsan",
"wesan#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsenne",
"links": [
[
"wēsenne",
"wesenne#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"links": [
[
"wēse",
"wese#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsde",
"links": [
[
"wēsde",
"wesde#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsest",
"links": [
[
"wēsest",
"wesest#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēst",
"links": [
[
"wēst",
"west#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsdest",
"links": [
[
"wēsdest",
"wesdest#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēseþ",
"links": [
[
"wēseþ",
"weseþ#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēst",
"links": [
[
"wēst",
"west#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsde",
"links": [
[
"wēsde",
"wesde#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsaþ",
"links": [
[
"wēsaþ",
"wesaþ#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsdon",
"links": [
[
"wēsdon",
"wesdon#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"links": [
[
"wēse",
"wese#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsde",
"links": [
[
"wēsde",
"wesde#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsen",
"links": [
[
"wēsen",
"wesen#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsden",
"links": [
[
"wēsden",
"wesden#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wēs",
"links": [
[
"wēs",
"wes#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsaþ",
"links": [
[
"wēsaþ",
"wesaþ#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsende",
"links": [
[
"wēsende",
"wesende#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsed",
"links": [
[
"wēsed",
"wesed#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġewēsed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "weosan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Anglian"
]
},
{
"form": "wosa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wossa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wesa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wēsan"
},
"expansion": "wēsan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wēsan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wōs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 20 42 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 21 40 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English verbs with Verner alternation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to soak; to macerate; to dye"
],
"id": "en-wesan-ang-verb-8VKw-mWN",
"links": [
[
"soak",
"soak"
],
[
"macerate",
"macerate"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 26 27 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to ooze"
],
"id": "en-wesan-ang-verb-a8E9Iqtl",
"links": [
[
"ooze",
"ooze"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweː.sɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweː.zɑn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eː.sɑn"
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "si"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "sii"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "siin"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "sinh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "ŝchi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "sain"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "soin"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "zèinan"
},
{
"lang": "Mòcheno",
"lang_code": "mhn",
"word": "sai'"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "sain"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "sinn"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "sein"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "sinn"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "senn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "sinn"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "sinn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Saxon German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg"
},
{
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"lang_code": "wym",
"word": "zajn"
}
],
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg"
},
{
"lang": "East Franconian",
"lang_code": "vmf"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "sein"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Wesen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "sei"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "sei"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "sei"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "senn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "sei"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "sinn"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "zayn",
"word": "זײַן"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "wësen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wësan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "goh-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "birum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "birun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārum",
"links": [
[
"wārum",
"warum#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wārumēs",
"links": [
[
"wārumēs",
"warumes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "birut",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārut",
"links": [
[
"wārut",
"warut#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārun",
"links": [
[
"wārun",
"warun#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"links": [
[
"sīs",
"sis#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīst",
"links": [
[
"sīst",
"sist#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīs",
"links": [
[
"wārīs",
"waris#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīst",
"links": [
[
"wārīst",
"warist#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīm",
"links": [
[
"wārīm",
"warim#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīmēs",
"links": [
[
"wārīmēs",
"warimes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīt",
"links": [
[
"sīt",
"sit#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīt",
"links": [
[
"wārīt",
"warit#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīn",
"links": [
[
"wārīn",
"warin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesanti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verb",
"head": "wësan",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wësan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "wësan"
},
"expansion": "wësan",
"name": "goh-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"irr": "wesan"
},
"name": "goh-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"Central",
"Franconian"
],
"word": "jewäs"
},
{
"word": "gabéest"
},
{
"word": "gebest"
},
{
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "gewesen"
},
{
"word": "gewees"
},
{
"word": "geweest"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "gewiescht"
},
{
"tags": [
"German",
"Pennsylvania"
],
"word": "gewest"
},
{
"english": "in some descendants, the strong -en ending was replaced by the weak -t ending, or elided",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"translation": "in some descendants, the strong -en ending was replaced by the weak -t ending, or elided",
"word": "giwësan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist"
],
"id": "en-wesan-goh-verb-JebJC0XP",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "wēsen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "sîn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuną",
"4": "",
"5": "to be, exist, become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, exist, become”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow, become, appear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, appear”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-. The forms in b- derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, exist, become”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, appear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bium",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bion",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sindun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sindon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sundon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārun",
"links": [
[
"wārun",
"warun#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"links": [
[
"sīs",
"sis#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāris",
"links": [
[
"wāris",
"waris#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārin",
"links": [
[
"wārin",
"warin#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesath",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "osx-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"irr": "wesan"
},
"name": "osx-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-wesan-osx-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"rare"
],
"word": "sīn"
}
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "en",
"3": "white sand"
},
"expansion": "English white sand",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English white sand.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-wesan-tpi-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "nambis"
}
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "to tend flocks, pasture",
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "weze"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "wêze"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "wēsa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "wēsen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "sîn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "wêze"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wezen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "waeze"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "wēsen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "wêze"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wezen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "waeze"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "wēsen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "weson"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "wësen"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "wesan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-wesan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "isti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iʀum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iʀud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sindi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sijēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wisid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weʀan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-wesan"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wesan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-wesan-gmw-pro-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "wêze"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wezen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "waeze"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "wēsen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "odt-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wāron",
"links": [
[
"wāron",
"waron#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīt",
"links": [
[
"sīt",
"sit#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārot",
"links": [
[
"wārot",
"warot#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāron",
"links": [
[
"wāron",
"waron#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"links": [
[
"sīs",
"sis#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīst",
"links": [
[
"sīst",
"sist#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāris",
"links": [
[
"wāris",
"waris#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārin",
"links": [
[
"wārin",
"warin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wārit",
"links": [
[
"wārit",
"warit#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārin",
"links": [
[
"wārin",
"warin#Old_Dutch"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wisit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wesandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"irr": "wesan"
},
"name": "odt-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch irregular verbs",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch suppletive verbs",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak heavy-stem verbs",
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English irregular verbs",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English suppletive verbs",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verb forms",
"Old English verbs",
"Old English verbs with Verner alternation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old English/e.sɑn",
"Rhymes:Old English/e.sɑn/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Old English/eː.sɑn",
"Rhymes:Old English/eː.sɑn/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to be present",
"translation": "to be present",
"word": "ætwesan"
},
{
"english": "to be before",
"translation": "to be before",
"word": "forewesan"
},
{
"english": "to be together",
"translation": "to be together",
"word": "ġewesan"
},
{
"english": "to be not",
"translation": "to be not",
"word": "nesan"
},
{
"english": "being",
"translation": "being",
"word": "wist"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.\nThe simple present forms originate from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no infinitive or past tense in Proto-Germanic, but had already formed a single paradigm with *wesaną supplying the infinitive and past tense.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "eom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eart",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sindon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣron",
"links": [
[
"wǣron",
"wæron#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīe",
"links": [
[
"sīe",
"sie#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīen",
"links": [
[
"sīen",
"sien#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣren",
"links": [
[
"wǣren",
"wæren#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "weosan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Anglian"
]
},
{
"form": "wosa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wossa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wesa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "wesan"
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wesan<i>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then he said, \"Do you know what a person is?\" So I said, \"I know it's a soul and a body.\"",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of The Consolation of Philosophy\nÞā cwæþ hē, \"Wāst þū hwæt mann sīe?\" Þā cwæþ iċ, \"Iċ wāt þæt hit biþ sāwol and līchama.\"",
"translation": "Then he said, \"Do you know what a person is?\" So I said, \"I know it's a soul and a body.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Then they said to him, \"Where is he?\" And he said, \"I don't know.\"",
"roman": "Þā cwǣdon hīe tō him, \"Hwǣr is hē?\" Þā cwæþ hē, \"Iċ nāt.\"",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 9:12",
"translation": "Then they said to him, \"Where is he?\" And he said, \"I don't know.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈwe.zɑn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-e.sɑn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bēon"
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak heavy-stem verbs",
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English class 5 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suppletive verbs",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Old English verbs with Verner alternation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old English/e.sɑn",
"Rhymes:Old English/e.sɑn/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Old English/eː.sɑn",
"Rhymes:Old English/eː.sɑn/2 syllables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "to tend flocks, pasture",
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną",
"id": "consume",
"t": "to consume, feast"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to consume, feast”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wes-",
"id": "graze",
"t": "to graze"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to consume, feast”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“to graze”). The only (possible) attestation is in the form weaxan in line 3115 of Beowulf, argued to be a misspelling of weosan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "V",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wæs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wesaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣron",
"links": [
[
"wǣron",
"wæron#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣre",
"links": [
[
"wǣre",
"wære#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wǣren",
"links": [
[
"wǣren",
"wæren#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġeweren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "weosan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Anglian"
]
},
{
"form": "wosa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wossa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wesa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wesan<s5v>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
29
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
35,
39
]
],
"english": "“Fire shall devour (and wan flames feed) on the fearless warrior …\"",
"ref": "c. 1000, Beowulf (Cotton MS Vitellius A XV), lines 3114-15:",
"text": "\"Nū sceal glēd fretan (weaxan wonna lēg) wigena strengel [...]\"",
"translation": "“Fire shall devour (and wan flames feed) on the fearless warrior …\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to consume or feast"
],
"links": [
[
"consume",
"consume"
],
[
"feast",
"feast"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwe.sɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈwe.zɑn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-e.sɑn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak heavy-stem verbs",
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suppletive verbs",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Old English verbs with Verner alternation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old English/eː.sɑn",
"Rhymes:Old English/eː.sɑn/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "wēsa"
},
{
"word": "wēsing"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "weeze"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weese"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weeze"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wease"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wōsijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wōsijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wōsijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wōsijaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wōsijan, from Proto-Germanic *wōsijaną, from *wōsą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wēsan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsan",
"links": [
[
"wēsan",
"wesan#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsenne",
"links": [
[
"wēsenne",
"wesenne#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"links": [
[
"wēse",
"wese#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsde",
"links": [
[
"wēsde",
"wesde#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsest",
"links": [
[
"wēsest",
"wesest#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēst",
"links": [
[
"wēst",
"west#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsdest",
"links": [
[
"wēsdest",
"wesdest#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēseþ",
"links": [
[
"wēseþ",
"weseþ#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēst",
"links": [
[
"wēst",
"west#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsde",
"links": [
[
"wēsde",
"wesde#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsaþ",
"links": [
[
"wēsaþ",
"wesaþ#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsdon",
"links": [
[
"wēsdon",
"wesdon#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wēse",
"links": [
[
"wēse",
"wese#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsde",
"links": [
[
"wēsde",
"wesde#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsen",
"links": [
[
"wēsen",
"wesen#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsden",
"links": [
[
"wēsden",
"wesden#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wēs",
"links": [
[
"wēs",
"wes#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsaþ",
"links": [
[
"wēsaþ",
"wesaþ#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsende",
"links": [
[
"wēsende",
"wesende#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wēsed",
"links": [
[
"wēsed",
"wesed#Old_English"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġewēsed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "weosan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Anglian"
]
},
{
"form": "wosa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wossa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wesa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wēsan"
},
"expansion": "wēsan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wēsan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "wōs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to soak; to macerate; to dye"
],
"links": [
[
"soak",
"soak"
],
[
"macerate",
"macerate"
],
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to ooze"
],
"links": [
[
"ooze",
"ooze"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweː.sɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈweː.zɑn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eː.sɑn"
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"Central",
"Franconian"
],
"word": "jewäs"
},
{
"word": "gabéest"
},
{
"word": "gebest"
},
{
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "gewesen"
},
{
"word": "gewees"
},
{
"word": "geweest"
},
{
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "gewiescht"
},
{
"tags": [
"German",
"Pennsylvania"
],
"word": "gewest"
},
{
"english": "in some descendants, the strong -en ending was replaced by the weak -t ending, or elided",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"translation": "in some descendants, the strong -en ending was replaced by the weak -t ending, or elided",
"word": "giwësan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "si"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "sii"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "siin"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "sinh"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "ŝchi"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "sain"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "soin"
},
{
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"lang_code": "cim",
"word": "zèinan"
},
{
"lang": "Mòcheno",
"lang_code": "mhn",
"word": "sai'"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"word": "sain"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "sinn"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "sein"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "sinn"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "senn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "sinn"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "sinn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Upper Saxon German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg"
},
{
"lang": "Vilamovian",
"lang_code": "wym",
"word": "zajn"
}
],
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg"
},
{
"lang": "East Franconian",
"lang_code": "vmf"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "sein"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Wesen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "sei"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "sei"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "sei"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "senn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"lang_code": "pdc",
"word": "sei"
}
],
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr",
"word": "sinn"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "zayn",
"word": "זײַן"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "wësen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wësan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "goh-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "birum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "birun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārum",
"links": [
[
"wārum",
"warum#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wārumēs",
"links": [
[
"wārumēs",
"warumes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "birut",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārut",
"links": [
[
"wārut",
"warut#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārun",
"links": [
[
"wārun",
"warun#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"links": [
[
"sīs",
"sis#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīst",
"links": [
[
"sīst",
"sist#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīs",
"links": [
[
"wārīs",
"waris#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīst",
"links": [
[
"wārīst",
"warist#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīm",
"links": [
[
"wārīm",
"warim#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīmēs",
"links": [
[
"wārīmēs",
"warimes#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīt",
"links": [
[
"sīt",
"sit#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīt",
"links": [
[
"wārīt",
"warit#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wārīn",
"links": [
[
"wārīn",
"warin#Old_High_German"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesanti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verb",
"head": "wësan",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wësan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "wësan"
},
"expansion": "wësan",
"name": "goh-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"irr": "wesan"
},
"name": "goh-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German irregular verbs",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German suppletive verbs",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "wēsen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "sîn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wesan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wesan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*beuną",
"4": "",
"5": "to be, exist, become"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, exist, become”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to grow, become, appear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, appear”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes-. The forms in b- derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, exist, become”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, appear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bium",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bion",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ist",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "is",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sind",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sindun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sindon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sundon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārun",
"links": [
[
"wārun",
"warun#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"links": [
[
"sīs",
"sis#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāris",
"links": [
[
"wāris",
"waris#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sī",
"links": [
[
"sī",
"si#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāri",
"links": [
[
"wāri",
"wari#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"links": [
[
"sīn",
"sin#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wārin",
"links": [
[
"wārin",
"warin#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wesad",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesath",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "giwesan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "osx-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"irr": "wesan"
},
"name": "osx-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon irregular verbs",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon suppletive verbs",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"rare"
],
"word": "sīn"
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"sense": "to tend flocks, pasture",
"word": "wesen"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Frisian",
"lang_code": "frr"
},
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "weze"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "wêze"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "wēsa"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "wēsen"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "wesen"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "ween"
},
{
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "waen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "sîn"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "wêze"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wezen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "waeze"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "wēsen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "wesan"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "wêze"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wees"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "wis"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "wezen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "waeze"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "wēsen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "weson"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "wësen"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "wesan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wesaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wesaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-wesan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wesan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wesannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iʀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "isti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "was",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iʀum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iʀud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sindi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sijēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wāʀīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wisid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wesandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weʀan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-wesan"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wesan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "en",
"3": "white sand"
},
"expansion": "English white sand",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English white sand.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wesan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "nambis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
"Tok Pisin lemmas",
"Tok Pisin nouns",
"Tok Pisin terms derived from English"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "wesan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wesan meaning in All languages combined (41.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Old Dutch is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: participle",
"path": [
"wesan"
],
"section": "Old Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wesan",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Old Dutch is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: participle, style: background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey); font-weight:bold;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"wesan"
],
"section": "Old Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wesan",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Old English is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: is",
"path": [
"wesan"
],
"section": "Old English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wesan",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: Cimbrian: gabéest, gebest desc=Cimbrian rest=gabéest, gebest cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"wesan"
],
"section": "Old High German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wesan",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: Hunsrik: gewees, geweest desc=Hunsrik rest=gewees, geweest cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=False",
"path": [
"wesan"
],
"section": "Old High German",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wesan",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.